S. and adj. “long” (Category: Long)
The Sindarin word for “long”, appearing as both and and ann, derived from primitive ✶andā based on the root √ANAD (PE17/12, 40, 90, 121; VT42/28). The Etymologies of the 1930s had N. ann “long” of the same derivation (Ety/ÁNAD).
Possible Pronunciation: In one note from the mid-1960s Tolkien said “S †ann- only preserved in certain compounds, owing to competition with ann (< annā) ‘gift’, and ann(on) ‘gate’, of different origin” (PE17/90) and in a note from 1959 Tolkien said “S ann/and rare except in old words or names as anduin” (PE17/40). Despite these claims of rarity, and/and appears in a very large number of compounds, far more than ann “gift”.
One way of resolving this ambiguity is to assume the normal pronunciation of this as a standalone word is and rather than ann, in keeping with the notion that the sound “remained nd at the end of fully accented monosyllables” in Sindarin (LotR/1115). The reduction an(n) would then only occur in compounds like anann “for long” and Anfang “long beard”.
Conceptual Development: The Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s had G. {indra >>} in(d)ra “long (also used of time)” based on primitive ᴱ√ṇdr (GL/51).
References ✧ PE17/12, 40, 90, 121, 147; RC/765; SA/an(d); VT42/28
Glosses
Variations
Related
Element In
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ✶andā > ann- | [andā] > [anda] > [and] > [ann] | ✧ PE17/90 |
N. ann adj. “long” (Category: Long)
References ✧ Ety/ÁNAD, MBUD, RAD, TEK
Glosses
Variations
Inflections
| #an- | prefix | ✧ Ety/RAD | |
| an- | prefix | “long” | ✧ Ety/TEK |
| #anna- | prefix | ✧ Ety/MBUD |
Element In
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴹ✶andā > and > ann | [andā] > [anda] > [and] > [ann] | ✧ Ety/ÁNAD |
| #ᴹ✶anda > #anna- | [anda-] > [anna-] | ✧ Ety/MBUD |
G. in(d)ra adj. “long (also used of time)” (Category: Long)
References ✧ GL/51; LT2A/Indrafang
Glosses
Variations
Related
Changes
Element In
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴱ✶ṇdr > in(d)ra | [ṇdra] > [indra] | ✧ GL/51 |